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Rotary jet pumps have a rich development history, and their working principles, structure, characteristics, and applications have been widely studied and applied. The concept of the rotary jet pump was first introduced in 1923 by F. W. Krogh, who adapted the Pitot tube principle to pump design, leading to the creation of what became known as the Pitot pump. Initially, these early models were open systems with several limitations, such as low efficiency and poor pressure control.
It wasn't until the 1920s that closed Pitot pumps were developed, improving upon the original designs. During World War II, both Germany and Britain began exploring rotary jet pumps for use in rocket and missile technology. However, after the war, interest in this type of pump declined. It wasn't until the 1960s that significant advancements occurred, including the invention of the enclosed runner and cover, which allowed for the formation of a radial rotating impeller. This innovation marked the beginning of modern rotary jet pump development and led to the establishment of the current Pitot-tube-based jet pump model.
As industries evolved, there was a growing demand for stable, high-pressure pumps capable of adjusting flow rates and operating across a wide range of lift curves. These requirements were particularly important in the food industry, where cleaning systems are essential for maintaining hygiene in processes like meat packaging, brewing, canning, and beverage processing. Similar needs also emerged in the paper, petrochemical, and power generation sectors.
In response to this demand, the patented rotary jet pump was introduced in the United States during the 1960s. By the 1970s, Kobe Corporation launched the first commercially available rotary jet pump, marking the start of its broader market acceptance. Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, a global surge in patent filings for rotary jet pumps reflected increasing interest and technological progress. In many countries, rotary jet pumps have since demonstrated improved performance and reliability, making them a preferred choice in various industrial applications.