Yunnan lead sulfide zinc rich mineral resources, many types. A lead-zinc-based Yunnan a pyrite-type Ag-containing metal sulfide ore. The main metal minerals are galena, iron sphalerite, and pyrite. The ore has the characteristics of high ore content of raw ore (mainly in galena), zinc mineral as iron sphalerite, and high content of ore pyrite. Research, development and utilization of the lead and zinc resources are of great significance for improving the utilization rate of lead and zinc resources in Yunnan and for local economic development. First, the nature of the ore (1) Mineral composition A sample-based silver-containing pyrite polymetallic sulfide ore, pyrite, iron sphalerite, galena, followed arsenopyrite, copper ore, marcasite and pyrrhotite trace, limonite; gangue minerals quartz, calcite, feldspar followed, white mica, sericite and clay minerals such as apatite and the like trace. The relative amount of minerals is shown in Table 1. The multi-element analysis of raw ore and the results of each phase analysis are shown in Tables 2 and 3, respectively. Table 1 Determination of relative quantity of minerals (mass fraction) /% Table 2 Multi-element analysis results of raw ore (mass fraction) /% Table 3 Raw mineral phase analysis results (2) Embedding characteristics of major minerals Galena (PbS) is mainly produced in granular and massive form. Locally stressed, in a crushed structure. It is closely symbiotic with iron sphalerite, pyrite, and chalcopyrite. The general particle size is from 0.20 to 0.02 mm. Galena inclusions in minerals sulfur antimony lead, iron sphalerite, chalcopyrite and trace square zinc yellow tin ore. There are also fine-grained, fine-grained stars scattered unevenly in the gangue, and the particle size is 0.02-0.001 mm. The iron sphalerite (Zn, Fe) S is mainly in the form of granules, crumbs and dense blocks. It is mainly symbiotic with galena, square chalcopyrite and pyrite. More pores. Some iron sphalerites have inclusions such as galena and arsenopyrite. In order to unevenly embed the thickness, the general output particle size is 10 to 0.04 mm. A considerable portion of the iron sphalerite has a drop-shaped square chalcopyrite (including a small amount of chalcopyrite) in a solid melt separation structure. The square chalcopyrite has a particle size of 0.01 to 0.0004 mm. It is also finely granulated. The floc is unevenly distributed in the gangue, and the particle size is 0.006 to 0.001 mm. Pyrite (FeS 2 ) is mostly self-shaped, semi-automorphic, crumb-like and irregularly granular. It is closely symbiotic with galena, iron sphalerite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite and so on. Part of the pyrite has a macaque structure and a twin structure. A small number of pyrite and poisonous sands are intertwined into each other. In the pyrite, there is a galena inclusion body that has been replaced. The pores of the pyrite deposit are embedded with chalcopyrite, iron sphalerite, galena and gangue minerals. The gangue minerals are also interspersed in the pyrite. It is produced in the form of coarse and fine grains with uneven grain size, and the general particle size is 40-0.03 mm. There are also fine-grained, speckled, leaf-like, and disseminated non-uniformly embedded in the gangue, with a particle size of about 0.001 to 0.0005 mm. Quartz (SiO 2 ) is in the form of his granules, and a small number of self-formed crystals and semi-automorphic crystals are embedded in other gangues and metal minerals. Most of the quartz is a fine-grained, fine-grained aggregate with a disseminated fine-grained metal mineral. The output particle size is about 3.8 to 0.02 mm. Calcite (CaCO 3 ) is mostly composed of fine particles and fine particles, which are aggregated into granules and veins, which are produced in gangues such as quartz and metal minerals. Some are fine-grained stars scattered in quartz. The particle size is about 1.1 to 0.2 mm, and the pulse width is 1.4 to 0.3 mm. Silver is mainly dispersed in galena, pyrite, iron sphalerite, and gangue minerals in the form of ultra-microscopic inclusions (less than 1 μm) of natural silver and silver sulfide, and some of the silver is present in a solid state. Arsenic mainly exists in the form of arsenopyrite, and most of them are symbiotic and continuous with pyrite. Second, the choice of test plan The results of the examination of the ore properties indicate that the main recoveries of the samples are galena, iron sphalerite and pyrite. The galena, iron sphalerite and pyrite are mostly dense and disseminated, and are self-formed and semi-automorphic. They are suitable for flotation recovery. Therefore, flotation is selected for research. The sample was subjected to preferential flotation, lead-zinc mixed flotation, and other floatable exploration tests. The test results show that the results of preferential flotation are significantly better than those of lead and zinc partial mixing and equal floating. The main problem reflected by the partial mixing process of lead and zinc is: the separation of lead-zinc mixed concentrate, although the use of mixed concentrate re-grinding, mixed concentrate de-medication, including the use of cyanide as an inhibitor and other measures, its separation The effects are difficult to achieve a satisfactory degree; while the floatable process is better than the lead-zinc partial floatation process, it is still worse than the preferential flotation. And the operation is difficult to control, and the indicator is not easy to reproduce. Therefore, the preferred flotation scheme is selected. The test flow is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 Test procedure Third, the priority flotation test (1) Grinding fineness test According to the process shown in Figure 1, the effect of grinding fineness on concentrate grade and recovery is shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 shows that as the fineness of grinding increases, the recovery rate of lead and silver increases slightly, but the grade shows a downward trend. When the content of -0.074mm is not less than 85%, the fineness of grinding increases, the grade of zinc and the recovery rate increase; when the content of -0.074mm is more than 85%, the grade of zinc increases and the recovery rate of zinc decreases. Considering comprehensively, the grinding fineness of this test is selected to be -0.074mm, which is 80%. In addition, the relationship curve of Figure 2 also shows a positive correlation between lead and silver. Fig. 2 Effect of grinding fineness on the index of lead and zinc concentrate 1- lead concentrate recovery rate; 2-zinc concentrate zinc recovery rate; 3- lead concentrate silver recovery rate; 4-lead concentrate silver grade; 5-lead concentrate lead grade; 6-zinc concentrate zinc grade (II) Test conditions for rough selection of lead circulation According to experience, lime with good inhibitory effect on pyrite is selected as inhibitor of pyrite. Zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite are selected as inhibitors of iron sphalerite. Because of the high alkali environment, the selective harvesting ability is relatively strong. Dinghuang is a collector [1 ~ 4] , and the foaming agent is 2 # oil. In view of the large number of lead crude selection agents, in order to examine the overall use of the drug and ensure the comprehensive effect of the use of the agent, and to save the test cost and improve the test efficiency, the lead circulation agent dosage test adopts the orthogonal method (four factors and three levels). When the grinding fineness is -0.074mm, the granularity is 80%, and the 2 # oil is 36g/t, CaO, ZnSO 4 , NaSO 3 and Ding Huang are selected as the four factors of the orthogonal test, each factor The usage is set to 3 levels (based on the exploratory test). The test procedure is shown in Figure 1. The test schedule is shown in Table 4. The test results are shown in Table 5. Table 4 Test arrangement of lead crude selection agent (unit: g/t) Table 5 Orthogonal test results of lead crude selection The test results show that the better scheme of multiphase index is A2B2C1D3, namely CaO, 5kg/t; ZnSO 4 , 1kg/t; Na 2 SO 3 , 50g/t; Dinghuang medicine 150g/t. This program is validated as required. The verification test results show that A2B2C1D3 is a better solution. Based on this, the final amount of lead crude selection agent was determined. (III) Test conditions for rough selection of zinc cycle Like the lead cycle, the zinc cycle crude selection of pyrite inhibitors, collectors, and foaming agents are still selected from lime, xanthate and 2 # oil, and the activator is copper sulfate. This test uses the orthogonal method (3 factors and 3 levels). When 2 # oil dosage was 48g/t, CaO, CuSO 4 and Dinghuang were selected as the three factors of the orthogonal experiment, and the amount of each factor was set to 3 levels (based on the exploratory test). The test procedure is shown in Figure 1. The test schedule is shown in Table 6. The test results are shown in Table 7. Table 6 Zinc rough selection agent test arrangement (unit: g / t) Table 7 Orthogonal test results of zinc crude selection The better overall scheme is A2B3C2, namely CaO1.0kg/t; Cu2SO41.5kg/t; Dinghuang 50g/t. The verification test was carried out according to this scheme. The verification test results show that this scheme is indeed a better solution. Based on this, the final amount of zinc crude selection agent was determined. Zinc selection exploration tests have shown that there is no need to add collectors or foaming agents for zinc selection operations. Just add zinc in the zinc to add the right amount of lime. (4) Condition test of sulfur cycle system The sulfur in the zinc tailings is recovered by flotation, the flotation recovery activator is selected from sulfuric acid, the collector is treated with dibutyl xanthate, and the foaming agent is used as 2 # oil. According to the test results, it is determined that the dosage of the agent is sulfur rough selection: H 2 SO 4 , 7 kg/t; diphtheria, 200 g/t; 2 # oil, 48 g/t; sulfur sweep: H 2 SO 4 , 1 kg/t; Dinghuang, 100g / t; 2 # oil, 36g / t. (4) Small closed circuit test The small test procedure and the pharmaceutical system are shown in Figure 3. The test results are shown in Table 8. The small closed-circuit test process is stable and the results are reliable. The test results show that the process flow and the pharmaceutical conditions have good applicability to the sample. Figure 3 Small test procedure and pharmaceutical system Table 8 Small closed circuit test results Fourth, the conclusion 1. Experimental research results show that a certain pyrite-type silver-lead-zinc polymetallic sulfide ore in Yunnan can be obtained by preferential flotation process to obtain lead grade of 57.33%, lead recovery rate of 94.08%, silver grade of 2201.72g/t, and silver recovery. The rate is 83.14% lead concentrate; zinc grade 48.28%, zinc recovery rate 88.38% zinc concentrate and sulfur grade 45.99%, sulfur recovery rate 77.39% sulfur concentrate. 2. Due to the absence of concentrate separation in the selected process, the chemical conditions artificially increase the difference in flotation properties between minerals, creating conditions for better sorting of minerals. The experimental research shows that the preferential flotation process has the characteristics of stable test process and good reproducibility of test indexes, indicating that the process is suitable for the ore. 3, using orthogonal method to determine the amount of lead and zinc crude selection agent, not only can ensure the best overall effect of the use of the drug, but also save time, save test costs, save test costs, improve test efficiency. 4. Because the ore contains As high (1.09%), during the sorting process, arsenic is mostly enriched in sulfur concentrate (mainly in the form of arsenopyrite, most of which is symbiotic with pyrite, continuous), pyrite Utilization will depend on the separation of pyrite and arsenic minerals. references: [1] Hu Xigeng. Non-ferrous metal sulfide ore dressing [M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 1987. [2] Cheng Deming. Current status and prospects of China's lead sulfide ore dressing technology [J].Journal of Guangdong Nonferrous Metals,1994( 1): 6 - 12. [3] Xie Xuefei. Research and Practice of Comprehensive Recovery of Associated Silver under High Alkali Conditions[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2002(1): 58 - 60. [4] Zhao Chunlu.Characteristics of flotation process of iron sphalerite[J].Nonferrous Metals (Selection Part),1995(5):4 - 7.44 Impact Mill,Lns Impact Mill,Centrifugal Impact Mill,Lithium Hydroxide Mill Mianyang Liuneng Powder Equipment Co., Ltd , https://www.lnpepowder.com