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1. The concentration of gold in the electrolyte The concentration of gold in the electrolyte determines the number of gold cyanide ions diffused into the surface of the cathode, thus causing a low concentration of gold, a slower deposition rate of gold, a low recovery rate of gold, and a current efficiency of electrolysis. Reduced. When the gold concentration is from 50 mg / liter to 3.8 mg / liter, the deposition rate of gold is reduced from 0.7 mg / min to less than 0.1 mg / min, the recovery of gold is reduced from 92% to 74%, and the current efficiency is reduced by 6.3%. To 0.47%.
2. Sodium hydroxide concentration in the electrolyte Sodium hydroxide in the electrolyte can strengthen the electrolysis, especially when the concentration of cyanide ions is low. As the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the electrolyte increases, the deposition rate of gold increases and the recovery rate of gold increases.
3. Electrolyzer feed rate increases When the feed rate increases, the gold deposition rate will increase, but the gold recovery rate will decrease.
4. Cathode surface area When the surface area of ​​the cathode is increased, the contact surface between the gold cyanide ion and the cathode is enlarged, which is beneficial to accelerate the deposition of gold and improve the recovery rate of gold.
5. Stir the electrolyte The stirring of the electrolyte can cause the turbulent flow of the electrolyte to make the diffusion layer on the cathode surface thinner, reduce the concentration polarization, and improve the deposition rate of gold.
6. Slot voltage When the cell voltage rises, the deposition rate of gold will increase, but the current efficiency will decrease. This is the result of the decomposition of water caused by the increase of the cell voltage and the accumulation of other impurities in the electrolyte.
7. Temperature Increase the temperature of the electrolyte to increase the conductivity of the electrolyte, accelerate the diffusion of gold cyanide ions, accelerate the deposition rate of gold, and increase the recovery rate of gold. But too high a temperature will worsen working conditions.
The main factors affecting the electrowinning process are: