Hydraulic Reservoir

How to Clean a Hydraulic Reservoir

Updated: December 22, 2023

Cleaning a hydraulic reservoir is an essential part of maintaining the efficiency and longevity of your equipment. Over time, contaminants such as dirt, moisture, and debris can accumulate inside the reservoir, leading to system failures and reduced performance. Regular cleaning not only prevents these issues but also ensures smoother operation and extends the life of your hydraulic system.

If you're looking for a step-by-step guide on how to properly clean a hydraulic reservoir, this article will walk you through the entire process. Whether you're a technician or a machine operator, understanding the correct procedure is key to keeping your system running smoothly.

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1. Drain the System

Begin by draining the hydraulic fluid while it’s still at operating temperature. This helps remove any sludge or sediment that may have settled in the system. As you drain, inspect the fluid for signs of contamination—such as cloudiness or discoloration—and pay attention to accumulators, cylinders, and filters for any unusual buildup or leaks.

If the fluid appears contaminated with water, consider using desiccant air to dry out the system. Replace the reservoir’s filters after the initial drain to ensure clean fluid returns to the system.

2. Clean the Reservoir

Once the system is drained, use a lint-free cloth or a soft brush to clean the interior of the reservoir. Remove any loose paint chips, rust, or sludge that might be present. Be sure to clean all surfaces thoroughly, including the bottom and sides, where debris often collects.

3. Flush With Low-Viscosity Fluid

After cleaning, flush the reservoir with a low-viscosity hydraulic fluid or a dedicated cleaning solvent. The goal is to dislodge any remaining particles or residues that may still be clinging to the walls of the reservoir. Perform a turbulent flush to maximize effectiveness.

Once flushed, drain the system quickly and replace the filters again. This ensures that any loosened contaminants are removed from the system before reintroducing fresh fluid.

4. Bleed and Pump the Vent

Fill the reservoir about three-quarters full with clean fluid, then open the pressure pump or bypass valve. Run the pump for 15 seconds, then turn it off for 45 seconds. Repeat this cycle three times to circulate the fluid and expel any trapped air or contaminants.

5. Test the Pump

With the pressure pump open, run the system for one minute, then let it rest. Repeat this process a couple of times, making sure not to let the pump run continuously for more than five minutes at a time. Open the relief valve to check if the system is fully flushed and allow it to rest for at least five more minutes.

6. Start the Pump

Operate each actuator individually, ensuring that the fluid returns to the reservoir after each cycle. After each actuator is operated, shut down the system and let it sit. Monitor the fluid level and top it up to around 50% to maintain proper lubrication and prevent air ingestion.

7. Refill and Test the Reservoir

Refill the reservoir to 75%, then run the system in five-minute intervals. After each interval, bleed the system to release any trapped air. Continue this process for 30 minutes, and then replace the filters once more. If you notice any signs of cross-contamination, consider replacing the filters again.

8. Test for System Stability

After completing the cleaning process, run the system for no more than six hours. This allows you to test for stability without risking damage to the system. At the end of the test, replace the filters for the final time and take a fluid sample to confirm its cleanliness and stability.

By following these steps, you’ll not only keep your hydraulic reservoir in excellent condition but also gain the knowledge to teach others how to perform this critical maintenance task.

Reach Out to Finishing Systems About Your Hydraulic Reservoir

Finishing Systems has been a trusted provider of industrial finishing systems for over 50 years. We serve businesses of all sizes and offer reliable equipment solutions backed by exceptional customer service. Whether you need help with hydraulic reservoirs or Other industrial systems, we’re here to help.

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