Oil and gas gathering and transportation refers to the process of collecting the oil, associated natural gas and other products from the dispersed oil wells, and passing through the necessary treatment, initial processing, and qualified oil and natural gas to the refinery and natural gas users. Energy saving, efficiency improvement, continuous integration of dispersed oil and gas gathering units into a chain production system with overall behavior, process operations are more closely related. As a key link of this chain system, the natural gas compressor station is not only the hub of the gas transmission outside the oil field, but also the node that balances the production load. In addition to the extremely high safety requirements of the compressor itself, once the failure occurs, the entire production process of the oil and gas gathering will not function properly, and even spread to downstream enterprises. An oil field rebuilt the compressor station in 2005, and introduced five piston-type natural gas compressors (including two high-pressure machines, two low-voltage machines and one high-low-pressure backup machine) combined with the actual process, using PLC technology, independently developed Digital monitoring system for natural gas compressor stations. Since the operation, the digital monitoring system has operated steadily. Not only does the compressor station achieve safe production, but it also provides an important guarantee for the stability, coordination and optimization of oil and gas gathering and transportation production. 2 Digital monitoring system design The natural gas compressor station has complex process, strong production continuity, and great accident hazard. It is necessary to “prevent the problem before it occurs†to avoid accidents. The overall requirements for the digital monitoring system are stable and reliable, and the functions are complete. It should have the following characteristics: First, it must have a hardware structure suitable for strong vibration sites and high reliability that can operate in the same cycle as the monitored unit; Second, the system No data can be lost when the unit is in any operating state or when the operating status changes. It is necessary to collect and store all the information of the accident site, that is, the system should have high sampling real-time and rapidity; third, the system should have practical engineering analysis and diagnosis functions in accordance with the actual production conditions and needs, so that it can be fully produced in production. According to synchronization, sharing. In order to ensure the reliability and security of the whole system, the whole system is designed as upper and lower layers to ensure that each subsystem has unique functions, data dispersion and centralized management. From the function realization, the upper layer carries out daily auxiliary management and main information collection; the lower layer completes the real-time monitoring of the on-site base station to ensure the daily production of the entire compressor station is safe, stable and efficient. The entire digital monitoring system is divided into four parts: 1 development and design of the field base station monitoring system. Complete monitoring and management of basic data; 2 on-site ESD system design. Complete monitoring and management of key parts and natural gas leaks; 3 design of upper management machine. Complete the purpose of data sharing and centralized management; 4 network topology design. Complete the data transmission structure to ensure data sharing. The specific analysis and design are as follows. 21 Field Base Station Monitoring System Development and Design Measurement parameters required for real-time monitoring of each piston compressor include motor current, reactor inlet pressure and exhaust pressure, product flow, winding temperature, cylinder temperature, lubricant pressure and temperature, Instrument wind pressure, cooling water pressure, lubricant level, cooling water level, etc. The main task of the base station monitoring system is to monitor the operating status of each compressor unit. The specific requirements are: real-time and true reflection of the system operating status, to ensure the normal operation of the system, to prevent accidents; for the main components of the system, such as motors, valves and Monitor the working status of other servo components, display and alarm faults; display the current values ​​of system monitoring objects (such as temperature, pressure, etc.), and support historical data query through the database; predict system status trends, future operations The trend is forecasted, the faults that will occur are alarmed, and the fault handling methods and measures are given. In order to ensure the compatibility and consistency of the system, the lower machine adopts Siemens SMATES7 series PLQ. Among them, one S7-00 controller is used to detect and control the peripheral parameters such as cooling water level and lubricating oil level. Three S7s are selected. The -300 controller monitors the operating status of two low pressure compressor units and one high and low pressure backup compressor unit, respectively, while the monitoring of the two high pressure compressor units is performed by two S7-200s. At the workshop site, five Siemens SMATCTP270 touch screens were set up for the five compressor units to achieve on-site monitoring and operation. In terms of data release for the host computer, four S7-300 controllers produce Ethernet, and two S7-200 controllers use the S7-2(1) series Ethernet dedicated module to communicate with the host computer through the PCAccessOPC software released by Siemens. The system has designed a three-level management mode of basic automation, process monitoring and scheduling remote monitoring and diagnosis in the field, that is, data acquisition (EmerrencyShfdSnaDeSe) tight emergency stop system is exactly! The structure is as shown in the figure. The network topology design based on the system application 241 Network requirements description The real-time information collected by the compressor station is an important part of the enterprise production information. The network design requirements of the digital monitoring system are: 1 can realize the on-site PK: and the workshop, High-speed data transmission between production and command departments; 2 must meet the requirements of on-site explosion-proof; 3 each PUC and upper-level management system can achieve rapid response to data resource sharing on the network platform; 4 high reliability, convenient maintenance and maintenance, and more extensive for the future The data sharing provides an interconnect port. Through analysis, the system structure of the upper, middle and lower layers is designed for the digital monitoring system of the natural gas compressor station, as shown. Among them, the first layer is the field PLC layer. This layer mainly completes the operation monitoring and data setting of the field unit. A total of six PLQs are used for on-site control of five units and peripheral lines, also known as field control units. The second level is the workshop level management. This layer mainly completes centralized management, monitoring of the field data and optimal operation of each unit. The third level is company management. This layer mainly completes the data monitoring of the compressor station part. Through data collection and curve analysis, it is convenient for the production commander to balance the production of each running device in time. 242 Network Topology Design From the field PIC situation, the Siemens SMATCS7 series PIC adopted by the five units PIC and one peripheral pipeline PIC has the TCP/P protocol port support. According to this, we abandoned the common loop networking and dynamic DDE modes in the industrial control places, and adopted Ethernet as the first choice for the network design of the digital monitoring system. In the field layer, the fiber optic layout is used, and the photoelectric conversion part is placed in the electrical explosion-proof box of the unit, which realizes the Ethernet connection of the field PIC well, achieves the explosion-proof requirements, and avoids large electromagnetic interference on the site. In the workshop-level central control layer, the switch is used to realize the data exchange between the workstations in the central control room and the on-site PIC. T>In the workshop-level and company-level networking,9 is due to production and office. Two kinds of demand, in order to reduce the cost, the same cable splitting method is adopted to separate the production network to avoid the danger of "virus" infringement and affect normal production management. At the same time, the office computer of the compression workshop is directly connected to the company LAN. 3 system realization and application basic component or graphic library object production process flow monitoring interface, and the variable is connected with each object, which means that each object in the interface is connected with the field device, so that it can be monitored in the upper computer interface Operational information of the field device. The system provides the following functions: unit operating conditions overview, real-time data display, unit dynamics flow, trend display, configuration alarm, bar graph display, proportional integral differential link (PD) adjustment, report printing and probe placement, fire logic diagram, Gas logic diagram, flammable gas probe status map, fire alarm record, etc. The operation and operation of the natural gas compressor digital monitoring system guarantees the successful completion of the natural gas compression and external supply task of the enterprise, and has a good application prospect and promotion value. In terms of design ideas, due to the consideration of future safety and daily maintenance and maintenance, we apply the current international industrial monitoring and distribution ideas for the overall framework design, using Siemens SMAT-C series PC as the core underlying platform for base station CNC; The WiCC configuration software realizes the combination of software and hardware and the management application of the host computer system. The application of fiber-optic Ethernet to establish a fast data sharing channel not only meets the high explosion-proof requirements of the site, but also reduces the number of communication links and complicated protocol conversion. Reduced investment costs and facilitated future maintenance. In terms of security, the integrated ESD system essentially plays a role in ensuring security and minimizes the risk of security incidents. In terms of management, through the realization of the system, the working efficiency of the device is greatly improved, the ability of the online monitoring device of the grassroots personnel is improved, and real-time online data is provided for the production commander to balance the production operation. In terms of energy saving, due to the use of the monitoring system, the unit's working conditions can be analyzed online, reducing the number of downtimes and maintenance cycles, and reducing operating costs. 4 Conclusion The process monitoring system of natural gas compressor unit adopts distributed control architecture. The dispersion of single-machine control function improves the reliability of the system. The monitoring and operation focus enhances the system function. After the system is put into operation, it will greatly help the company to achieve economic, stable and efficient operation. Although some achievements have been made in the development of the monitoring system, there is still much work to be continued in the field of monitoring and fault diagnosis. For example, the fault diagnosis function and the system fault tolerance function need further development. For complex large industrial systems, the development of an expert system that integrates monitoring, analysis, diagnosis and display is the future work goal.
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