EN8 Chemical Composition

The chemical composition of EN8 steel plays a vital role in determining its overall performance. It directly influences key properties such as strength, hardness, toughness, and weldability. Understanding the exact ratio of elements like carbon, silicon, manganese, sulfur, and phosphorus is essential for selecting the right material for specific applications.

Table of contents

  • EN8 Chemical Composition
  • EN8 Steel Mechanical Properties
  • EN8 Material Equivalent
  • 080M40 Steel Hardness
  • EN8 vs EN9 Steel
  • Forging of EN8 Carbon Steel
  • Heat Treatment of EN8 Steel
  • Available Product Range of EN8 Steel
  • Thermal Properties of DIN 1.0511
  • Annealing of 080M40 Grade Steel
  • Surface Finish & Tolerance of C45 Steel
  • Surface Hardness of S45C Steel
  • Testing Methods for 1045 Steel

EN8 Chemical Composition

EN8 is a medium carbon steel that offers a balanced combination of strength and machinability. Its composition includes carbon, silicon, manganese, and small amounts of sulfur and phosphorus, with iron making up the majority. This composition allows it to be used in a wide range of industrial applications where moderate strength and good formability are required.

Carbon
0.36–0.44%
Silicon
0.10–0.40%
Manganese
0.60–1.00%
Sulfur
Max 0.050%
Phosphorus
Max 0.05%
Iron
97.75–98.05%

EN8 Steel Mechanical Properties

The mechanical properties of EN8 steel define how it performs under different loads and conditions. These include yield strength, tensile strength, impact resistance, and elongation. Engineers use these values to determine the suitability of EN8 for structural or mechanical components that require both durability and flexibility.

Heat Treatment Yield Strength (MPa) Tensile Strength (MPa) Rp 0.2 (MPa) Impact
Izod (ft.lb) KCV (J)
MPa MPa MPa
N 280 550 – 15 16
245 510 – – –
Q 385 625/775 355 25 28
R 465 700/850 450 25 28

EN8 Material Equivalent

Material equivalents help in identifying similar grades from different standards, which is especially useful when sourcing materials internationally. EN8 is commonly equivalent to other grades like C45, 1045, and S45C, depending on the country and standard used.

Country British USA Australia Japan
Standard EN 10083-2 ASTM A29 AS 1442 JIS G4051
Grades C45 / 1.1191 1045 1045 S45C

080M40 Steel Hardness

The hardness of 080M40 can be adjusted through various heat treatment processes, allowing it to meet different application requirements. This makes it suitable for both general engineering and more demanding industrial uses.

Heat Treatment Hardness (HB)
HB
Normalizing 152–207
146–197
Quenching 179–229
Tempering 201–255

EN8 vs EN9 Steel

While both EN8 and EN9 are medium carbon steels, they differ in their composition and mechanical properties. EN9 has a higher carbon content, leading to greater hardness and tensile strength compared to EN8.

Properties EN8 EN9
Carbon Content 0.36–0.44% 0.50–0.60%
Hardness Up to 207 HBW Up to 255 HBW
Tensile Strength ≥540 MPa ≥695 MPa

Forging of EN8 Carbon Steel

EN8 steel is typically forged at temperatures between 1100°C and 850°C, ensuring proper grain refinement and workability during the forging process.

Forging or Hot Rolling 1100 – 850°C

Heat Treatment of EN8 Carbon Steel

Proper heat treatment is essential to achieve the desired mechanical properties. The following are common treatment steps:

  • Soft annealing: Used to relieve internal stresses and improve machinability.
  • Normalizing: Refines the grain structure and improves uniformity.
  • Hardening: Increases surface hardness for wear resistance.
  • Tempering: Reduces brittleness after hardening and enhances toughness.
Soft Annealing 680 – 710°C (furnace)
Normalising 840 – 880°C (air)
Hardening 820 – 860°C (water, oil)
Tempering 550 – 660°C (air)

Available Product Range of EN8 Steel

EN8 steel is available in a wide variety of forms, including plates, sheets, bars, and flat bars, making it suitable for numerous industrial and engineering applications.

EN8 Steel Plate and Sheet
Strips Thickness 0.4mm to 4mm
Sheets (Cold Rolled) Thickness 0.4mm to 4mm
Sheets (Hot Rolled) Thickness 2.7mm to 12mm
Plates 16mm to 150mm
Heavy Plates 16mm to 350mm
1045 Steel Round Bar
Rolled Round Bar Diameter 16mm to 250mm
Heavy Forged Round Diameter 200mm to 450mm
Heavy Machined Round Diameter 260mm to 620mm
Heavy Ship Shafts Diameter 450mm to 1000mm
S45C Flat Bar
Rolled Flat Bar Thickness up to 50mm
Width up to 455mm
Forged Flat Bar Thickness up to 305mm
Width up to 455mm

Thermal Properties of DIN 1.0511

DIN 1.0511 is a German standard for carbon steel, and it exhibits favorable thermal properties that make it suitable for high-temperature applications. These properties include thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient.

Thermal Conductivity Thermal Coefficient
37.5 W/m K 6.5e-6 W/m K

Annealing of 080M40 Grade Steel

Annealing is a heat treatment process that helps reduce hardness and increase ductility. For 080M40 grade steel, the recommended annealing temperature is between 680°C and 710°C.

Annealing 680–710°C

Surface Finish & Tolerance of C45 Grade Steel

The surface finish and dimensional tolerance of C45 steel are critical for ensuring proper fit and function in various applications. Different finishes like turned, polished, and ground offer varying levels of precision and quality.

Surface Finish Turned Black-Rolled Polished Grinding Cold Drawn Black-Forged Peeled
Tolerance (0, +3mm) (0, +1mm) Best h11 Best h9 Best H11 (0, +5mm) Best H11

Surface Hardness of S45C Steel

S45C steel is known for its high surface hardness, which makes it ideal for applications requiring wear resistance and strength. The minimum surface hardness is typically around 55 HRC.

Surface Hardness Min. 55 HRC

Testing Methods for 1045 Steel

To ensure the quality and performance of 1045 steel, several testing methods are employed. These include corrosion testing, chemical analysis, tensile testing, ultrasonic testing, visual inspection, and bend testing.

  • Corrosion Testing
  • Chemical Composition Analysis
  • Tensile Strength Test
  • Ultrasonic Testing
  • Visual Inspection
  • Bend Test

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